What is ecosystem?

Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a complex, interconnected system formed by the interaction of living organisms with each other and their physical environment. It includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components. These components interact in various ways, such as through food webs, nutrient cycling, and energy flow.


Biotic factors encompass all living organisms, from microscopic bacteria to large mammals, while abiotic factors include elements like soil, water, air, sunlight, and climate. Ecosystems can be as small as a pond or as large as a forest, and they can be categorized into various types, such as terrestrial (land-based) and aquatic (water-based).


Ecosystems maintain a delicate balance, where each species plays a specific role in the community, contributing to the overall stability and functionality of the system. Human activities, climate change, and other factors can disrupt this balance, leading to ecological problems and challenges for biodiversity. Understanding ecosystems is crucial for conservation and sustainable management of natural resources.

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